Biography:

I Have completed my D.V.M from University of Agriculture Faisalabad and then Mphil degree in microbiology from GCUF Faisalabad. Currently I am doing Ph.D in microbiology from university of agriculture Faisalabad

Abstract:

Infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli strains are common both in humans and animals. In particular, the pet animals have been considered as a potential carrier of MDR E. coli. Therefore, this study was designed to detect the ESBL producing E. coli isolates in companion animals, their owners and veterinary professionals.  A total of 105 rectal swabs from pets (n=45), their owners (n=45) and veterinary professionals (n=15) were screened for the presence of ESBL producing E. coli, MDR and their genetic relatedness.

A total of 73/105 (69.5%) ESBL producing E. coli were recovered from this study. ESBL E. coli isolates in dogs (18/22) and dog owners (13/22) were 81.8% and 59%, respectively. ESBL E. coli isolates in cats (17/23) and cat owners (13/23) were 74% and 56.5%, respectively. While these E. coli isolates in veterinary professionals (12/15) were 80 %. Of these, isolates 23/73 (31.5%) isolates showed MDR phenotype. Resistance to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin AMP-CTX-CIP-F represented the most common pattern of MDR (17.4%). None of the isolate was resistant to tobramycin. Among the ESBL E. coli with MDR, PCR detected bla_CTX-M as the most common ESBL genotype (19/23).  CTX-M-1 group was found among all the 19 bla_CTX-M positive E. coli. Furthermore, BOX-PCR fingerprints showed distinct clonal groups indicating high genetic diversity among CTX-M-1 producing E. coli isolates. The presence of multidrug resistant E. coli in particular of ESBL class CTX-M-1 in dogs, cats, their owners and veterinary health workers pose a zoonotic threat for the spread of multidrug resistant bacteria.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, ESBL-producing E. coli, pets, zoonosis

Biography:

Dr. Djassinra Tormal. I received my Ph.D in sciences of enviromment from university Ibn Tofail in 2016. After completion of my degree, I was appointed as a faculty fellow in the Department of Health and enviromment at the University of Ibn Tofail. I served as the Head of Study of antibacterial and antifugal activities of two medecinal plants growing wild in the Gharb region (Chenopodium ambrosiodes l and Rosmarinus officinalis l from 2014-2016. My interests are focused on the use of microbiology to study the antibacterial and antioxidant effect of medicinal plant on Antibiotic Resistant Strains in 2016. Chemistry agro resources, polymers and process engineering

Abstract:

In this study, the behavior of Xanthomonas fragariae, angular leaf spot of strawberry agent, was followed in the AB medium, enriched with nitrogen, phosphorus or with potassium, and in the soil of the Mamora forest with 14% to 28% of humidity in function of these fertilizer elements. The obtained results have shown that Na₂HPO₄ and NH₄Cl, used, 0.01 and 0.05 mol/l, respectively as a phosphorus and nitrogen source, have a significant effect on the survival of Xanthomonas fragariae. By contrast, KCl, used as a source of Potassium, has no significant effect on the number of culturable cells.

The three sources used NPK, 14% and 28% showed a great influence on the number of culturable cells of Xanthomonas fragariae, either increasing or decreasing. Potassium, at 28 to 14% of humidity, inhibited the rate growth of Xanthomonas, while the phosphorus and nitrogen stimulated its growth, greater than 28% of humidity than 14%. Similarly the bacterial growth was not affected during the incorporation of NPK at different concentrations in the soil of Mamora.

Biography:

Balogun Olalekan blessing he is a second year PhD student in federal University technology in Akure, he was a student but because of his academic performance he was retained as graduate assistant in Joseph Ayo Babalola University which he now lectures. He has published seventeen papers in reputable journals

Abstract:

Swine especially pigs have been reported to harbor methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species and have become a source of a novel and rapidly emerging infection in humans. This study was therefore, designed to investigate methicillin resistance status, susceptibility and exfoliative toxin-encoded genes in Staphylococcus species isolated from pigs.

Hundred and fifty (150) samples consisting of 50 anal, nostril and environmental swabs were collected at Ode Remo and Sapade in Ogun state after obtaining ethical clearance. These were transferred into transport medium and transported to Microbiology laboratory of Babcock University. The samples were processed and organisms isolated following Microbiological procedures. The isolates were identified to species level by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. The phenotypic detection of methicillin resistance and susceptibility of the isolates to selected antibiotic classes were evaluated by agar diffusion and interpreted according to CLSI, 20011. Exfoliative toxin-encoding genes (eta andetb) in the isolates were screened by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency).

Fifty (50) staphylococcal strains were isolated from anus (28), nostril (17) and environment (5) of which Staphylococcus sciuri(23), Staphylococcus cohnii(11), Staphylococcus piscifermentas(7), Staphylococcus carnosus(1), Staphylococcus condiment (3), Staphylococcus xylosus(2), Staphylococcus Kloosii(1), Staphylococcus pasteuri(1) and Staphylococcus succinus(1). Methicillin resistance was detected in 12 strains S. xylosus (1), S. kloosii (1), S. picifermentas (2) and S. sciuri (8) with phenotypic method while none of the strains were positive by molecular counterpart. Susceptibility to other antibiotics indicated that all the strains were resistant to ceftazidimeS. sciuri(23), S. cohnii(11), S. piscifermentas(7), S. carnosus(1), S. condimenti(3), S. xylosus(2), S. kloosii(1), S. pasteuri(1), and S. succinus(1). All the strains were declared negative for exfoliative toxin encoding genes after several trails in PCR.

Methicillin resistance is absent amoung the strains studied and the resistance patterns observed indicated that the pattern of resistance predominantly found in clinical isolates are also emerging in the animal husbandry. Hence, setting up antibiotic surveillance system is necessary to minimize this trend.

Keywords: Staphylococci, exfoliative toxin, Methicillin, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry, Polymerase Chain Reaction

Biography:

A practicing physician in the field of healthcare in the state of Kerala in India for the last 31years and very much interested in basic research. My interest is spread across the fever, inflammation and back pain. I am a writer. I already printed and published nine books on these subjects. I wrote hundreds of articles in various magazines.

After scientific studies, we have developed 8000 affirmative cross checking questions. It  can explain all queries related to fever

Abstract:

The physicians are talking about the treatment of fever indifferently. They are talking about not to treat fever but for the underlying cause of fever. At the same time when people have a fever, they instruct to reduce fever urgently.

The cause of fever and cause of disease both are different. The physicians misunderstand the cause of disease as cause of fever. If we remove the cause of disease the fever never cures. If we remove the cause of fever, it can be immediately cured. The basic cause of fever is increased severe inflammation and decreased blood circulation. If we remove the cause of disease, the disease will not be cured.

 If a worm eats the stem and leaf of a plant, we can kill the worm with pesticides, then the destroyed part of the plant will not recover completely. Likewise, we can kill some kind of bacteria with antibiotics. But the problems made by bacteria will not be resolved.

The actual treatment to cause of fever.

The actual treatment to fever is to increase blood circulation. Two ways to increase blood circulation. 1. Never allow body temperature to lose 2. Apply heat from outside to the body. When the temperature produced by the body due to fever and heat which we applied on the body combines together, the blood circulation  increases.

Then the body will stop to produce heat to increase blood circulation. And the body will get extra heat from outside without any usage of energy.

How can we prove that the cause of fever and cause of disease both are different?

“If we ask any type of question-related to fever by assuming that the cause of fever and cause of disease both are different, we will get a clear answer. If we avoid or evade from this definition, we will never get a proper answer to even a single question

If we do any type of treatment by assuming that the cause of fever and cause of disease both are different, the body will accept the cause of fever, at the same time body will resist whatever treatment to decrease temperature and blood circulation.

 No further evidence is required to prove the cause of fever and cause of disease both are different.

1. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th Ed
2. Davidsons Principles and practice of medicine_22Ed.
3. Guyton and Hall,Text book of Medical Physiology- 11^th Ed
4. Nelson Text book of Pediatrics 20^th Ed
5. 1.Kerala State Drug Formulary page 442

Irrespective of the causes of pyrexia, general measures to reduce the temperature are to be undertaken urgently. patients must be given tepid sponging with cold water and a dose of 1g paracetamol to be given orally or 300 mg i.m., as an antipyretic.If not responding, a dose of 25mg of chlorpromazine i.m.may be useful. The definite treatment depends on the underlying cause which may vary from viral fever, leptospiral illness, pneumonia, enteric fever or cerebral malaria. Once the temperature is brought down by tepid sponging and antipyretics, investigations to find out the aetiology must be commenced..

Biography:

MAHDI Ismail a 3^rd year PhD candidate in soil microbiology at the laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Medical Application Interface Center of Mohammed VI Polytechnic University in collaboration with the Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Marrakesh. He holds a master’s degree in Biology and Health at the faculty of Sciences of Fez and a bachelor’s degree in Molecular and cellular Biology at the faculty of Sciences of Agadir, Morocco. His thesis research investigation centers around plant growth promoting microbes especially halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria.

Abstract:

To meet the worldwide demand for food, smart management of arable lands is needed. This could be achieved through sustainable approaches such as the use of plant growth-promoting microorganisms including bacteria. Phosphate (P) solubilization is one of the major mechanisms of plant growth promotion by associated bacteria. In the present study, we isolated and screened 14 strains from the rhizosphere of Chenopodium quinoa Willd grown in the experimental farm of UM6P and assessed their plant growth promoting properties. Next, they were identified using 16S rRNA and Cpn60 genes sequencing as Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter. These strains showed dispersed capacities to solubilize P (up to 346 mg L−1) following 5 days of incubation in NBRIP broth. We also assessed their abilities for indole acetic acid (IAA) production (up to 795,3 µg ml−1) and in vitro salt tolerance. Three Bacillus strains QA1, QA2, and S8 tolerated high salt stress induced by NaCl with a maximum tolerable concentration of 8%. Three performant isolates, QA1, S6 and QF11, were further selected for seed germination assay because of their pronounced abilities in terms of P solubilization, IAA production and salt tolerance. The early plant growth potential of tested strains showed that inoculated Quinoa seeds displayed greater germination rate and higher seedlings growth under bacterial treatments. The positive effect on seed germination traits strongly suggest that tested strains are growth promoting, halotolerant and P solubilizing bacteria which could be exploited as biofertilizers.

Keywords: Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, Quinoa, seed germination, IAA, Salt tolerance.