Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Rana Muhammad Abdullah
Ph.D,university of agriculture Faisalabad
Keynote: Microbiology-Current Research
Time : 2:00-3:00
Biography:
I Have completed my D.V.M from University of Agriculture Faisalabad and then Mphil degree in microbiology from GCUF Faisalabad. Currently I am doing Ph.D in microbiology from university of agriculture Faisalabad.
Abstract:
Infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli strains are common both in humans and animals. In particular, the pet animals have been considered as a potential carrier of MDR E. coli. Therefore, this study was designed to detect the ESBL producing E. coli isolates in companion animals, their owners and veterinary professionals. A total of 105 rectal swabs from pets (n=45), their owners (n=45) and veterinary professionals (n=15) were screened for the presence of ESBL producing E. coli, MDR and their genetic relatedness.
A total of 73/105 (69.5%) ESBL producing E. coli were recovered from this study. ESBL E. coli isolates in dogs (18/22) and dog owners (13/22) were 81.8% and 59%, respectively. ESBL E. coli isolates in cats (17/23) and cat owners (13/23) were 74% and 56.5%, respectively. While these E. coli isolates in veterinary professionals (12/15) were 80 %. Of these, isolates 23/73 (31.5%) isolates showed MDR phenotype. Resistance to ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin AMP-CTX-CIP-F represented the most common pattern of MDR (17.4%). None of the isolate was resistant to tobramycin. Among the ESBL E. coli with MDR, PCR detected blaCTX-M as the most common ESBL genotype (19/23). CTX-M-1 group was found among all the 19 blaCTX-M positive E. coli. Furthermore, BOX-PCR fingerprints showed distinct clonal groups indicating high genetic diversity among CTX-M-1 producing E. coli isolates. The presence of multidrug resistant E. coli in particular of ESBL class CTX-M-1 in dogs, cats, their owners and veterinary health workers pose a zoonotic threat for the spread of multidrug resistant bacteria.
- Microbiology-Current Research
Location: Webinar
Session Introduction
Harinatha Reddy Aswartha
Ph.D,Sri Krishnadevaraya University Anantapur
Title: Isolation, screening and antibiogram identification of Staphylococcus aureus from immune suppressed patients
Biography:
Dr. A. Harinatha Reddy, M.Sc, Ph.D.Department of Microbiology,Sri Krishnadevaraya University,Anantapur.The Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was identified in the selected isolates. The mecA gene identified in the S. aureus responsible for methicillin resistance, mecA is synthesis penicillin binding protein 2A (PBP2A). Penicillin binding protein 2A allows the bacteria to resistant against beta lactum antibiotics.
Abstract:
S. aureus is a gram positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria and common cause of skin infections, respiratory infections, bone infections, blood infections and pneumonia on humans. S. aureus opportunistic pathogen found in the skin and nose as part of human normal flora. There are five species S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus, and S. hominis consider as potential human pathogens in this genus, but among this pathogenic bacteria S. aureus is the most problematic, causes skin, joint and blood infections in humans. In the present study the Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood samples of immune suppressed patients. The 30 blood samples collected form immune suppressed cancer patients. The S. aureus formed yellow color colonies on Mannitol salt agar media after 24 h of incubation. Among 30 blood samples the S. aureus was identified in 5 blood samples. Staphylococcus aureus was identified based on the microscopic, biochemical and molecular characterization. Antibiogram was determined by the disk diffusion method for five selected isolates. The Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was identified in the selected isolates. The mecA gene identified in the S. aureus responsible for methicillin resistance, mecA is synthesis penicillin binding protein 2A (PBP2A). Penicillin binding protein 2A allows the bacteria to resistant against beta lactum antibiotics.
- Agriculture Microbiology
Location: Webinar
Session Introduction
Ismail MAHDI
PhD ,Mohammed VI Polytechnic University.
Title: Potential application of selected phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from Chenopodium quinoa Willd rhizosphere in early plant growth promotion
Biography:
MAHDI Ismail a 3rd year PhD candidate in soil microbiology at the laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Medical Application Interface Center of Mohammed VI Polytechnic University in collaboration with the Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Marrakesh. He holds a master’s degree in Biology and Health at the faculty of Sciences of Fez and a bachelor’s degree in Molecular and cellular Biology at the faculty of Sciences of Agadir, Morocco. His thesis research investigation centers around plant growth promoting microbes especially halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Abstract:
To meet the worldwide demand for food, smart management of arable lands is needed. This could be achieved through sustainable approaches such as the use of plant growth-promoting microorganisms including bacteria. Phosphate (P) solubilization is one of the major mechanisms of plant growth promotion by associated bacteria. In the present study, we isolated and screened 14 strains from the rhizosphere of Chenopodium quinoa Willd grown in the experimental farm of UM6P and assessed their plant growth promoting properties. Next, they were identified using 16S rRNA and Cpn60 genes sequencing as Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter. These strains showed dispersed capacities to solubilize P (up to 346 mg L−1) following 5 days of incubation in NBRIP broth. We also assessed their abilities for indole acetic acid (IAA) production (up to 795,3 µg ml−1) and in vitro salt tolerance. Three Bacillus strains QA1, QA2, and S8 tolerated high salt stress induced by NaCl with a maximum tolerable concentration of 8%. Three performant isolates, QA1, S6 and QF11, were further selected for seed germination assay because of their pronounced abilities in terms of P solubilization, IAA production and salt tolerance. The early plant growth potential of tested strains showed that inoculated Quinoa seeds displayed greater germination rate and higher seedlings growth under bacterial treatments. The positive effect on seed germination traits strongly suggest that tested strains are growth promoting, halotolerant and P solubilizing bacteria which could be exploited as biofertilizers.
- Oral Microbiology
Location: Webinar
Session Introduction
K. M. Yacob
physician,healthcare state of Kerala,India
Title: Why W neurons decrease and C neurons increases in fever?
Biography:
A practicing physician in the field of healthcare in the state of Kerala in India for the last 30 years and very much interested in basic research. My interest is spread across the fever, inflammation and back pain. I am a writer. I already printed and published nine books on these subjects. I wrote hundreds of articles in various magazines.
After scientific studies, we have developed 8000 affirmative cross checking questions. It can explain all queries related to fever
Abstract:
As you are aware, if temperature increases (Absence of fever)after 31 degrees Celsius, Warm sensitive neurons increase their firing rate and inhibit Cold sensitive neurons as core temperature increases. As temperature drops, the firing rate of Warm sensitive neurons decreases, reducing their inhibition, and Cold sensitive neurons which respond by increasing their firing rates.
On the contrary to the increase of temperature, in fever the firing rate of Warm sensitive neurons decreases, the firing rate of Cold sensitive neurons increases as core temperature increases. inhibit warm sensitive neurons. The temperature increasing and decreasing controlled by the brain. The firing rate of Warm sensitive neurons and Cold sensitive neurons also controlled by the brain.
When the disease becomes a threat to life or organs, blood circulation decreases. The temperature of fever will emerge to increase prevailing essential blood circulation.
WBC and their products stimulate the brain to increase the temperature by increasing the firing rate of Cold sensitive neurons and decreasing the firing rate of Warm sensitive neurons. And it acts as a protective covering of the body to sustain life.
There is no way other than this for a sensible and discreet brain to increase temperature.
If the aim of Cold sensitive neurons increases their firing rates in hypothermia is to increase temperature, then the aim of Cold sensitive neurons increase their firing rates during fever is also to increase temperature.
How can we prove that W neurons decreases and C neurons increase in fever to protect the life or organ?
If we ask any type of question-related to fever by assuming that the Warm sensitive neurons decreases and Cold neurons increase in fever to protect the life or organ we will get a clear answer. If we avoid or evade from this definition we will never get a proper answer to even a single question
If we do any type of treatment by assuming
that the Warm sensitive neurons decreases and Cold neurons increase in fever to protect the life or organ, the body will accept, at the same time body will resist whatever treatment to decrease temperature and blood circulation.
No further evidence is required to prove The Warm sensitive neurons decreases and Cold neurons increase in fever to protect the life or organ.
- Environmental Microbiology
Location: Webinar
Session Introduction
Balogun Olalekan
PhD,federal University technology,Akure
Title: ASSESSMENT OF METHICILLIN RSISTANCE AND TOXIN ASSOCIATED GENES IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPECIES ISOLATED FROM TWO SELECTED PIG FARMS IN OGUN STATE
Biography:
Balogun Olalekan blessing he is a second year PhD student in federal University technology in Akure, he was a student but because of his academic performance he was retained as graduate assistant in Joseph Ayo Babalola University which he now lectures. He has published seventeen papers in reputable journals
Abstract:
Swine especially pigs have been reported to harbor methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species and have become a source of a novel and rapidly emerging infection in humans. This study was therefore, designed to investigate methicillin resistance status, susceptibility and exfoliative toxin-encoded genes in Staphylococcus species isolated from pigs.
Hundred and fifty (150) samples consisting of 50 anal, nostril and environmental swabs were collected at Ode Remo and Sapade in Ogun state after obtaining ethical clearance. These were transferred into transport medium and transported to Microbiology laboratory of Babcock University. The samples were processed and organisms isolated following Microbiological procedures. The isolates were identified to species level by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. The phenotypic detection of methicillin resistance and susceptibility of the isolates to selected antibiotic classes were evaluated by agar diffusion and interpreted according to CLSI, 20011. Exfoliative toxin-encoding genes (eta andetb) in the isolates were screened by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency).
Fifty (50) staphylococcal strains were isolated from anus (28), nostril (17) and environment (5) of which Staphylococcus sciuri(23), Staphylococcus cohnii(11), Staphylococcus piscifermentas(7), Staphylococcus carnosus(1), Staphylococcus condiment (3), Staphylococcus xylosus(2), Staphylococcus Kloosii(1), Staphylococcus pasteuri(1) and Staphylococcus succinus(1). Methicillin resistance was detected in 12 strains S. xylosus (1), S. kloosii (1), S. picifermentas (2) and S. sciuri (8) with phenotypic method while none of the strains were positive by molecular counterpart. Susceptibility to other antibiotics indicated that all the strains were resistant to ceftazidimeS. sciuri(23), S. cohnii(11), S. piscifermentas(7), S. carnosus(1), S. condimenti(3), S. xylosus(2), S. kloosii(1), S. pasteuri(1), and S. succinus(1). All the strains were declared negative for exfoliative toxin encoding genes after several trails in PCR.
Methicillin resistance is absent amoung the strains studied and the resistance patterns observed indicated that the pattern of resistance predominantly found in clinical isolates are also emerging in the animal husbandry. Hence, setting up antibiotic surveillance system is necessary to minimize this trend.